Urban land subsidence has been increasing in Korea due to both natural and human factors. This study investigates the main causes of subsidence and proposes strategies for long-term ground stability in Sejong and Daejeon, rapidly developing cities in central Korea. A spatial database was established by integrating meteorological, hydrogeological, and socio-demographic data within a GIS framework. The results show that areas with low drainage capacity and unconsolidated alluvial deposits are highly vulnerable to subsidence, especially where roads and buildings are densely concentrated. Areas with high-density subsurface facilities exhibit lower groundwater levels and higher frequencies of subsidence, particularly in urban centers. The expansion of impervious surfaces and the rise in groundwater outflow further increase the risk of ground stability weakening. Sejong has experienced a rapid increase in groundwater wells indicating the need for continuous groundwater level monitoring. In Daejeon, large volumes of groundwater discharge from subways and buildings and the deterioration of aging pipelines emphasize the need for improved drainage systems and scheduled maintenance. This study provides a spatially integrated framework for analyzing urban ground stability and supports sustainable urban development through systematic subsurface management.

Keywords: Land subsidence, Urban area, Natural factors, Social factors, Ground stability