• Quantifying Carbon Loss from Riparian Topsoil Erosion in Korea
  • Jung-Hwan Yoon1, Seung-Min Oh2, Hyuck-Soo Kim1, and Jae E. Yang1*

  • 1Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
    2Agro-material research team, Namhae Chemical Corporation, Yeosu 59618, Republic of Korea

  • 표토 침식에 의한 수변구역의 탄소 손실량 산정
  • 윤정환1ㆍ오승민2ㆍ김혁수1ㆍ양재의1*

  • 1강원대학교 바이오자원환경학과, 2남해화학 농자재연구팀

  • This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

References
  • 1. Borrelli, P., Robinson, D.A., Panagos, P., Lugato, E., Yang, J.E., Alewell, C., Wuepper, D., Montanarella, L., and Ballabio, C., 2020, Land use and climate change impacts on global soil erosion by water (2015-2070). PNAS, 117(36), 21994-22001.
  •  
  • 2. Chamizo, S., Rodríguez-Caballero, E., Román, J.R., and Cantón, Y., 2017, Effects of biocrust on soil erosion and organic carbon losses under natural rainfall. Catena, 148, 117-125.
  •  
  • 3. Chen, S., Martin, M.P., Saby, N.P.A., Walter, C., Angers, D.A., and Arrouays, D., 2018, Fine resolution map of top- and subsoil carbon sequestration potential in France, Sci. Total Environ., 630, 389-400.
  •  
  • 4. Choi, E.J., Kim, G.Y., Lee, S.I., Lee, J.S., Yoon, J.H., and Gwon, H.S., 2020, Estimation of Greenhouse Gases Emission from the Crop Cultivation Session of Agricultural Sector according to 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, J. Climate Change Res., 11(6-2),703-712.
  •  
  • 5. Gwon, H.S., Kim, G.Y., Lee, S.I., Lee, J.S., and Choi, E.J., 2020, Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emission in Rice Paddy Soil Under Slow Released N Fertilizer Application: Annual Investigation, Korean J. Soil. Sci. Fert., 53(4), 575-588.
  •  
  • 6. Han, Y., Nam, H.S., Park, K.L., Lee, Y., Lee, B.M., and Park, K.C., 2020, Evaluation of Soil Carbon Storages in the Organic Farming Paddy Fields, J. of KORRA., 28(1), 73-82.
  •  
  • 7. Hur, S.O., Ok, J.H., Jeong, S.S., Kim, H.S., Park, Y.S., Yang, J., and Yoon, J.H., 2025, Soil Erosion and Conservation. In The Soils of Korea (pp. 99-108). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
  •  
  • 8. Jung, K.H., Sonn, Y.K., Hong, S.Y., Hur, S.O., and Ha, S.K., 2005, Assessment of National Soil Loss and Potential Erosion Area using the Digital Detailed Soil Maps, Korean J. Soil. Sci. Fert., 38(2), 59-65.
  •  
  • 9. Kang, M.W., Kim, D.J., Lim, K.J., and Lee, S.S., 2021, Rainfall erosivity factor of Korean soils estimated by using USLE under climate change, Korean J. Soil. Sci. Fert., 54(3), 265-275.
  •  
  • 10. Kim, M.K., Hur, S.O., Kwon, S.I., Jung, G.B., Sonn, Y.K., Ha, S.K., and Lee, D.B., 2010, Prediction of Soil Erosion from Agricultural Uplands under Precipitation Change Scenarios, Korean J. Soil. Sci. Fert., 43(6), 789-792.
  •  
  • 11. Kim Y.S, Ku, N.I., and Kang, W.S., 2018, Evaluation of Forest Soil Characteristics Using Plant Reaction Technique, NIFS (National Institute of Forest Science), Seoul, Korea.
  •  
  • 12. Lal, R., 2003, Soil erosion and the global carbon budget, Environ. Int., 29, 437-450.
  •  
  • 13. Lal, R., 2005, Soil erosion and carbon dynamics, Soil Till. Res., 81(2), 137-142.
  •  
  • 14. Lal, R., 2020, Soil erosion and gaseous emissions, Appl. Sci., 10(8), 2784.
  •  
  • 15. Lal, R., Monger, C., Nave, L., and Smith, P. 2021. The role of soil in regulation of climate. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B., 376(1834), 20210084.
  •  
  • 16. Lal, R., Griffin, M., Apt, J., Lave, L., and Morgan, M.G., 2004, Managing soil carbon, Science, 304(5669), 393-394.
  •  
  • 17. Lee, H.S., Jeong, H.C., Lee, S.I., Park, H.R., Lee, M.J., Lee, J.M., Park, D.G., Jang, E.B., and Oh, T.K., 2024, 2006 IPCC guideline application: Analysis of greenhouse gas methodology and emissions in the rice cultivation and agricultural soil, j. Clim. chang. res., 15(1), 47-55.
  •  
  • 18. Lee, S.I., Kim, G.Y., Gwon, H.S., Lee, J.S., Choi, E.J., and Shin, J.D., 2020, Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer and Biochar Applications on CO2 and N2O Emissions from Upland Soil in the Closed Chamber. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert., 53(4), 431-445.
  •  
  • 19. Liu, C., Liu, Y., Guo, K., Wang, S., Liu, H., Zhao, H., Qiao, X., Hou, D., and Li, S., 2016. Aboveground carbon stock, allocation and sequestration potential during vegetation recovery in the karst region of southwestern China: a case study at a watershed scale. Agric. Ecosyst. Env., 235, 91-100.
  •  
  • 20. Minasny, B., Malone, B.P., McBratney, A.B., Angers, D.A., Arrouays, D., Chambers, A., Chaplot, V., Chen, Z., Cheng, K., Das, B.S., Field, D.J., Gimona, A., Hedley, C.B., Hong, S.Y., Mandal, B., Marchant, B.P., Martin, M., McConkey, B.G., Mulder, V.L., O'Rourke, S., Richer de Forges, A.C., Odeh, I., Padarian, J., Paustian, K., Pan, G., Poggio, L., Savin, I., Stolbovoy, V., Stockmann, U., Sulaeman, Y., Tsui, C., Vågen, T.G., van Wesemael, B., and Winowiecki, L., 2017, Soil carbon 4 per mill, Geoderma, 292, 59-86.
  •  
  • 21. MOE (Ministry of Environment), 2011, Soil Environmental Conservation Act., Dept. Soil and Groundwater, MOE, Sejong, Korea.
  •  
  • 22. MoE., 2025. The Notice about the Erosion Status Survey and Measures such as Topsoil. Ministry of Environment, Korea. pp. 1-26.
  •  
  • 23. NIAST (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology), 2000, Methods of of soil and plant analysis. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA (Rural Development Administration), Jeonju, Korea.
  •  
  • 24. Novara, A., Keesstra, S., Cerda, A., Pereira, P., and Gristina, L., 2016, Understanding the role of soil erosion on CO©ü–C loss using ©ö©øC isotopic signatures in abandoned Mediterranean agricultural land, Sci. Total Environ., 550, 330-336.
  •  
  • 25. OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), 2008, Environmental performance of agriculture in OECD countries since 1990.
  •  
  • 26. OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), 2013, 2013 Edition of the OECE Environmental Database: Soil erosion [http://stats.oecd.org], OECD.Stast, Paris, France.
  •  
  • 27. Oh, S.M., Kim, H.S., Lee, S.P., Lee, J.G., Jeong, S.S., Lim, K.J., Kim, S.C., Park, Y.S., Lee, G.H., Hwang, S.I., and Yang, J.E., 2017, Estimating of the greenhouse gas mitigation and function of water resources conservation through conservation of surface soils erosion and policy suggestion, J. Soil Groundwater Environ., 22(6), 74-84.
  •  
  • 28. Panagos, P., Borrelli, P., Meusburger, K., Alewell, C., Lugato, E., and Montanarella, L., 2015, Estimating the soil erosion cover-management factor at the European scale, Land Use Policy, 48, 38-50.
  •  
  • 29. Panagos, P., Ballabio, C., Himics, M., Scarpa, S., Matthews, F., Bogonos, M., Poesen, J., and Borrelli, P., 2021, Projections of soil loss by water erosion in Europe by 2050. Environ. Sci. Policy., 124, 380-392.
  •  
  • 30. Park, C.W., Sonn, Y.K., Hyun, B.K. Song, K.C., Chun, H.C., Moon, Y.H., and Yun, S.G., 2011, The Redetermination of USLE Rainfall Erosion Factor for Estimation of Soil Loss at Korea, Korean J. Soil. Sci. Fert., 44(6), 977-982.
  •  
  • 31. Park, J.H., Kim, D.W., Kang, S.W., and Cho, J.S., 2023, Effect of continuous biochar use on soil chemical properties and greenhouse gas emissions in greenhouse cultivation. Korean J. Environ. Agric., 42(4), 435-443.
  •  
  • 32. Ro, Y.H., Chung, W.J., Chung, S.J., Jung, I.H., Na, H.S., Kim, M.S., and Shin, J.D., 2020, Characteristics of Greenhouse Gas Emissions with Different Combination Rates of Activated Rice Hull Biochar during Aerobic Digestion of Cow Manure, Korean J Environ Agric., 39(3), 222-227.
  •  
  • 33. Roose, E.J., Lal, R., Feller, C., Barthes, B., and Stewart, B.A., 2002, Soil erosion and carbon dynamics, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, USA.
  •  
  • 34. Shojaeezadeh, S.A., Al-Wardy, M., Nikoo, M.R., Mooselu, M.G., Alizadeh, M.R., Adamowski, J.F., Moradkhani, H., Alamdari, N., and Gandomi, A.H., 2024, Soil erosion in the United States: Present and future (2020-2050). Catena, 242, 108074.
  •  
  • 35. Smith, P., Poch, R.M., Lobb, D.A., Bhattacharyya, R., Alloush, G., Eudoxie, G.D., Anjos, L.H.C., Castellano, M., Ndzana, G.M., Chenu, C., Naidu, R., Vijayanathan, J., Muscolo, A.M., Studdert, G.A., Eugenio, N.R., Calzolari, M.C., Amuri, N., and Hallett, P., 2024, Status of the World's Soils. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour., 49(2024), 73-104.
  •  
  • 36. Tak, H.M., Kim, S.H., and Son, I., 2013, A study on distributions and spatial properties of geomorphological mountain area, J. Kor. Geogr. Soc., 48(1), 1-18.
  •  
  • 37. Yoon, J.H., Jung, S.S., Kim, H.S., Park, Y., Kim, H., Mishra, U., Gautam, S., Alewell, C., Panagos, P., Kirkham, M.B., Borrelli, P., and Yang, J.E., 2025, Impact of soil erosion on soil organic carbon loss and its implications for carbon neutrality, Adv. Agron., 191, 363-414.
  •  
  • 38. Zheng, J.Y., Zhao, J.S., Shi, Z.H., and Wang, L., 2021, Soil aggregates are key factors that regulate erosion-related carbon loss in citrus orchards of southern China: Bare land vs. grass-covered land. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 309, 107254.
  •  

This Article

  • 2025; 30(6): 88-95

    Published on Dec 31, 2025

  • 10.7857/JSGE.2025.30.6.088
  • Received on Oct 29, 2025
  • Revised on Nov 28, 2025
  • Accepted on Dec 4, 2025

Correspondence to

  • Jae E. Yang
  • Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

  • E-mail: yangjay@kangwon.ac.kr