• Quenching Curves for VOCs in the Analysis of Groundwater $^{14}C$ using Liquid Scintillation Counter
  • Lee, Kil-Yong;Cho, Soo-Young;Yoon, Yoon-Yeol;Ko, Kyung-Seok;Kim, Yong-Je;
  • Groundwater and Geothermal Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM);Groundwater and Geothermal Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM);Groundwater and Geothermal Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM);Groundwater and Geothermal Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM);Groundwater and Geothermal Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM);
  • 액체섬광계수기를 이용한 지하수의 $^{14}C$ 측정에서 휘발성유기화합물(VOC)에 대한 소광곡선
  • 이길용;조수영;윤윤열;고경석;김용제;
  • 한국지질자원연구원 지하수지열연구부;한국지질자원연구원 지하수지열연구부;한국지질자원연구원 지하수지열연구부;한국지질자원연구원 지하수지열연구부;한국지질자원연구원 지하수지열연구부;
Abstract
Optimal quenching curves have been studied for the accurate analysis of $^{14}C$ in groundwater polluted by reducing efficiency of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in liquid scintillation counter (LSC). The quenching parameters (SQP(E)) were measured for ten VOCs such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-(m-,p-)xylene, trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene(PCE), carbon tetrachloride and chloroform. The quenching curves were plotted using $^{14}C$ standard solution and chloroform as a quenching agent. Optimal plotting conditions were determined for standard solution, LSC measuring time and the concentration of chloroform. The quenching effects of chlorinated organic compounds such as TCE, PCE, carbon tetrachloride and chloroform were greater than those of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene). Optimum measuring time was 100 minutes far 7,000 dpm/mL standard solution. A few mL of chloroform should be added for good quenching curves. These quenching curves have good correlation coefficients (> 0.99) and the curves could be applied to accurate analysis of $^{14}C$ in groundwater and tap water.

액체섬광계수기(liquid scintillation counter: LSC)를 이용한 지하수 $^{14}C$의 측정에서 휘발성유기화합물(volatile organic compounds: VOC)에 따라 소광효과(quenching effect)를 정확하게 보정할 수 있는 최적 소광곡선(quenching curve)의 작성조건을 조사하였다. 우선, VOC에 따른 소광효과를 알기 위하여 benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-(m-,p-)xylenes, trichloroethylene(TCE)과 tetrachloroethylene(PCE), carbon tetrachloride, chloroform과 같은 주요 지하수오염유기물에 의한 소광인자(spectral quench parameter of the external standard, SQP(E))를 측정하였다. 소광곡선은 $^{14}C$ 표준용액과 chloroform 소광시약을 이용하여 작성하였으며 $^{14}C$ 표준용액의 비방사능(specific activity, dpm/mL), LSC 측정시간, 소광시약 농도 등의 최적조건을 도출하였다. 소광효과는 분자 내에 염소원자를 포함하지 않는 BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-(m-,p-)xylenes) 보다 염소원자를 포함하는 TCE, PCE, carbon tetrachloride와 chloroform에서 매우 높게 나타났다. 실험에서는 여건상 $^{14}C$ 비방사능이 7,000 dpm/mL 정도의 표준용액을 사용하였는데 이 경우 LSC측정시간은 100분, 소광시약으로 chloroform을 사용할 경우 수 mL의 첨가량이 적당하였다. 이러한 조건으로 BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene)에 대해 작성한 소광곡선의 상관계수(coefficient of correlation)는 0.99이상으로 통계학적으로 신뢰할 수 있는 값을 얻을 수 있었으며 이 소광곡선을 지하수와 수돗물의 $^{14}C$ 측정에 적용한 결과 표준용액의 비방사능 값과 잘 일치하여 연구결과의 유효성을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords: Quenching Curve;$^{14}C$;VOC;Groundwater;LSC;

Keywords: 소광곡선;휘발성 유기물;지하수;액체섬광계수기;

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This Article

  • 2007; 12(6): 53-59

    Published on Dec 31, 2007