Abstract
References
Information
In this study, a chloride ion probe as a direct measurement for perchlorate reduction was used to determine whether biological perchlorate reduction was inhibited by other electron acceptors ($O_2$ and ${NO_3}^-$ ) and to investigate competition of electron acceptors for using electron donors. Profiles of chloride production (= perchlorate reduction) in flasks containing perchlorate reducing populations were monitored by a chloride ion probe. Biological reduction of 2 mM perchlorate was inhibited by 2 mM nitrate that chloride production rate was decreased by 30% compared to perchlorate used as the only electron acceptor and chloride production rate was decreased by 70% when acetate was limited. Reduction of 2mM perchlorate was completely inhibited by oxygen at 7~8 mg/L, regardless of acetate excess / limitation.
본 연구에서는 질산염(${NO_3}^-$ )과 용존산소(DO)에 의한 생물학적 퍼클로레이트 환원의 저해 그리고 전자공여체를 차지하기 위한 이러한 전자수용체들의 경쟁적 관계를 조사하고자 염소이온프로브(chloride ion probe)를 직접적인 측정방법으로 사용하였다. 퍼클로레이트 환원미생물을 포함하는 플라스크에서 염소이온프로브를 이용하여 염소생성 (=퍼클로레이트 환원)을 모니터링하였다. 2 mM 퍼클로레이트의 생물학적 환원은 2 mM의 질산염에 의해 저해를 받았으며, 염소이온 생성율이 퍼클로레이트가 단독으로 존재하는 경우에 비해 30% 정도 감소하였고, 아세테이트가 제한된 상태이며 질산염과 퍼클로레이트가 공존하는 경우는 염소이온의 생성율이 약 70% 정도 감소하였다. 7-8 mg/L의 용존산소와 2 mM의 퍼클로레이트가 공존하는 조건에서 아세테이트의 공급정도와 상관없이 퍼클로레이트의 생물학적 환원작용이 완벽하게 저해를 받았다.
- Attaway, H. and Smith, M., 1993, Reduction of perchlorate by an anaerobic enrichment culture, Journal of Industrial Microbiology. 12, 408-41210.1007/BF01569673
- Choi, H. and Silverstein, J., 2007, Effluent recirculation to improve perchlorate reduction in a fixed biofilm reactor, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 98(1), 132-14010.1002/bit.21425
- Choi, H. and Silverstein, J., 2008, Inhibition of perchlorate reduction by nitrate in a fixed biofilm reactor, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 159, 440-44510.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.038
- Coates, J.D., Michaelidou, U., Bruce, R.A., O'connor, S.M., Crespi, J.N., and Achenbach, L.A., 1999, Ubiquity and diversity of dissimilatory (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 65(12), 5234-5241
- Herman, D.C. and Frankenberger, J.W.T., 1998, Microbialmediated reduction of perchlorate in groundwater, Journal of Environmental Quality, 27, 750-75410.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700040004x
- Kleinbaum, D.G., Kupper, L.L., Miller, K.E., and Nizam, A., 1998, Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods, Duxbury Press, Pacific Grove
- Logan, B.E., 1998, A review of chlorate- and perchloraterespiring microorganisms, Bioremediation Journal, 2(2), 69-7910.1080/10889869891214222
- Logan, B.E., Zhang, H., Mulvaney, P., Milner, M. G., Head, I. M., and Unz, R.F., 2001, Kinetics of perchlorate- and chloraterespiring bacteria, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 67(6), 2499-250610.1128/AEM.67.6.2499-2506.2001
- Nerenberg, R. and Rittmann, B.E., 2002, Perchlorate as a secondary substrate in a denitrifying, hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor, Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 2(2), 259-265
- NRC. 2005, Health implications of perchlorate ingestion. Washington, D.C., The National Academic Press
- Rikken, G.B., Kroon, A.G.M., and van Ginkel, C.G., 1996, Transformation of (per)chlorate into chloride by a newly isolated bacterium: reduction and dismutation, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 45, 420-42610.1007/s002530050707
- Stouthamer, A.H., 1991, Metabolic regulation including anaerobic metabolism in Paracoccus denitrificans, Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, 23(2), 163-18510.1007/BF00762216
- Tripp, A.R. and Clifford, D.A., 2006, Ion exchange for the remediation of perchlorate-contaminated drinking water, Journal AWWA, 98(4), 105-114
- Urbansky, E.T., 1998, Perchlorate chemistry: Implications for analysis and remediation, Bioremediation Journal, 2(2), 81-9510.1080/10889869891214231
- Urbansky, E.T., 2002, Perchlorate as an environmental contaminant, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 9, 187-19210.1007/BF02987487
- US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA): http://www.epa.gov/fedfac/documents/perchlorate_links.htm
- van Ginkel, C.G., Plugge, C.M., and Stroo, C.A., 1995, Reduction of chlorate with various energy substrates and inocular under anaerobic conditions, Chemosphere, 31(9), 4057-406610.1016/0045-6535(95)80007-8
- Xu, J. and Logan, B.E., 2003, Measurement of chlorite dismutase activities in perchlorate respiring bacteria, Journal of Microbiological Methods, 54, 239-24710.1016/S0167-7012(03)00058-7
- 환경부, 2006, 낙동강 '퍼클로레이트' 저감 가이드라인 설정 합의, 환경부
- Publisher :The Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment
- Publisher(Ko) :한국지하수토양환경학회
- Journal Title :Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
- Journal Title(Ko) :지하수토양환경
- Volume : 14
- No :6
- Pages :29 ~ 34
Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
