Quantitative Comparison of the Photocatalytic Efficiency of TiO2 Nanotube Film and TiO2 Powder

doi:10.7857/JSGE.2016.21.2.008

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2016 Vol.21, Issue 2 Preview Page Next Page

Quantitative Comparison of the Photocatalytic Efficiency of TiO₂ Nanotube Film and TiO₂ Powder: Jang, Jun-Won;Park, Sung Jik;Park, Jae-Woo;

30 April 2016. pp. 8 ~ 14

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Abstract

We compared the plausible reaction mechanism and quantitative efficiency of highly self-organized TiO₂ nanotube (ntTiO₂) film with TiO₂ powder. Film was fabricated by electrochemical potentiostatic anodization of titanium thin film in an ethylene-glycol electrolyte solution containing 0.3 wt% NH₄F and 2 vol% deionized water. Nanotubes with a pore size of 80-100 nm were formed by anodization at 60 V for 3 h. Humic acid (HA) was degraded through photocatalytic degradation using the ntTiO₂ film. Pseudo first-order rate constants for 0.3 g of ntTiO₂, 0.3 g TiO₂ powder, and 1 g TiO₂ powder were 0.081 min⁻¹, 0.003 min⁻¹, and 0.044 min⁻¹, respectively. HA adsorption on the ntTiO₂ film was minimal while adsorption on the TiO₂ powder was about 20% based on thermogravimetric analysis. Approximately five-fold more normalized OH radicals were generated by the ntTiO₂ film than the TiO₂ powder. These quantitative findings explain why ntTiO₂ film showed superior photocatalytic performance to TiO₂ powder.

Keywords

TiO₂ nanotubes;Electrostatic anodization;Humic acid;Adsorption effect;Terephthalic acid;

References

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Carotta, M.C., Gherardi, S., Malagù, C., Nagliati, M., Vendemiati, B., Martinelli, G., Sacerdoti, M., and Lesci, I.G., 2007, Comparison between titania thick films obtained through sol-gel and hydrothermal synthetic processes, Thin Solid Films, 515, 8339-8344.10.1016/j.tsf.2007.03.020
Choi, W., 2006, Pure and modified TiO₂ photocatalysts and their environmental applications, Catal. Surv. Asia, 10, 16-28.10.1007/s10563-006-9000-2
Fujishima, A., Rao, T.N., and Tryk, D.A., 2000, Titanium dioxide photocatalysis, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C-Photochem. Rev., 1, 1-21.10.1016/S1389-5567(00)00002-2
Fujishima, A. and Zhang, X., 2006, Titanium dioxide photocatalysis: present situation and future approaches, C. R. Chim., 9, 750-760.10.1016/j.crci.2005.02.055
Haga, Y., An, H., and Yosomiya, R., 1997, Photoconductive properties of TiO₂ films prepared by the sol-gel method and its application, J. Mater. Sci., 32, 3183-3188.10.1023/A:1018602801793
Hirakawa, T. and Nosaka, Y., 2002, Properties of O₂- and OH formed in TiO₂ aqueous suspensions by photocatalytic reaction and the influence of H₂O₂ and some ions, Langmuir, 18, 3247-3254.10.1021/la015685a
Jang, J.W. and Park, J.W., 2011, Photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ films produced with combination of oxygen-plasma and rapid thermal annealing, Thin Solid Films, 520, 193-198.10.1016/j.tsf.2011.07.020
Jang, J.W. and Park, J.W., 2014, Iron oxide nanotube layer fabricated with electrostatic anodization for heterogeneous Fenton like reaction, J. Hazard. Mater., 273, 1-6.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.002
Jang, J.W., Jun, J.E., and Park, J.W., 2009, Fabrication of zero valent iron (ZVI) nanotube film via potentiostatic anodization and electroreduction, Water Sci. Technol., 59, 2503-2507.10.2166/wst.2009.237
Karlinsey, R.L., 2005, Preparation of self-organized niobium oxide microstructures via potentiostatic anodization, Electrochem. Commun., 7, 1190-1194.10.1016/j.elecom.2005.08.027
Kim, L.J., Jang, J.W., and Park, J.W., 2014, Nano TiO₂-functionalized magnetic-cored dendrimer as a photocatalyst, Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 147, 973-979.10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.10.024
Lee, W.J. and Smyrl, W.H., 2005, Zirconium oxide nanotubes synthesized via direct electrochemical anodization, Electrochem. Solid State Lett, 8, B7-B9.10.1149/1.1857115
Li, X.Z., Li, F.B., Fan, C.M., and Sun, Y.P., 2002, Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of humic acid in aqueous solution using a Ti/TiO₂ mesh photoelectrode, Water Res., 36, 2215-2224.10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00440-7
Liu, Z., Zhang, X., Nishimoto, S., Jin, M., Tryk, D.A., Murakami, T., and Fujishima, A., 2008, Highly ordered TiO₂ nanotube arrays with controllable length for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of phenol, J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, 253-259.10.1021/jp0772732
Luyo, C., Fábregas, I., Reyes, L., Solís, J.L., Rodríguez, J., Estrada, W., and Candal, R.J., 2007, SnO₂ thin-films prepared by a spray-gel pyrolysis: Influence of sol properties on film morphologies, Thin Solid Films, 516, 25-33.10.1016/j.tsf.2007.05.023
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Nischk, M., Mazierski, P., Gazda, M., and Zaleska, A., 2014, Ordered TiO₂ nanotubes: The effect of preparation parameters on the photocatalytic activity in air purification process, Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 144, 674-685.10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.07.041
Paulose, M., Prakasam, H.E., Varghese, O.K., Peng, L., Popat, K.C., Mor, G.K., Desai, T.A., and Grimes, C.A., 2007, TiO₂ nanotube arrays of 1000 μm length by anodization of titanium foil: phenol red diffusion, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 14992-14997.10.1021/jp075258r
Quan, X., Zhao, Q., Tan, H., Sang, X., Wang, F., and Dai, Y., 2009, Comparative study of lanthanide oxide doped titanium dioxide photocatalysts prepared by coprecipitation and sol-gel process, Mater. Chem. Phys., 114, 90-98.10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.08.051
Subba Ramaiah, K., and Sundara Raja, V., 2006, Structural and electrical properties of fluorine doped tin oxide films prepared by spray-pyrolysis technique, Appl. Surf. Sci., 253, 1451-1458.10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.02.019
Tsuchiya, H. and Schmuki, P., 2005, Self-organized high aspect ratio porous hafnium oxide prepared by electrochemical anodization, Electrochem. Commun., 7, 49-52.10.1016/j.elecom.2004.11.004
Wold, A., 1993, Photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide (TiO₂), Chem. Mat., 5, 280-283.10.1021/cm00027a008
Yang, H.G., Liu, G., Qiao, S.Z., Sun, C.H., Jin, Y.G., Smith, S.C., Zou, J., Cheng, H.M., and Lu, G.Q., 2009, Solvothermal synthesis and photoreactivity of anatase TiO₂ nanosheets with dominant {001} facets, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 4078-4083.10.1021/ja808790p
Yang, J.K. and Lee, S.M., 2006. Removal of Cr(VI) and humic acid by using TiO₂ photocatalysis, Chemosphere, 63, 1677-1684.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.10.005
Yang, S., Liu, Y., and Sun, C., 2006, Preparation of anatase TiO₂/Ti nanotube-like electrodes and their high photoelectrocatalytic activity for the degradation of PCP in aqueous solution, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 301, 284-291.10.1016/j.apcata.2005.12.016
Yun, D.M., Cho, H.H., Jang, J.W., and Park, J.-W., 2013, Nano zero-valent iron impregnated on titanium dioxide nanotube array film for both oxidation and reduction of methyl orange, Water Res., 47, 1858-1866.10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.014
Zhang, Z., Yuan, Shi, G., Fang, Y., Liang, L., Ding, H., and Jin, L., 2007, Photoelectrocatalytic activity of highly ordered TiO₂ nanotube arrays electrode for azo dye degradation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 6259-6263.10.1021/es070212x

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment
Publisher(Ko) :한국지하수토양환경학회
Journal Title :Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
Journal Title(Ko) :지하수토양환경
Volume : 21
No :2
Pages :8 ~ 14
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7857/JSGE.2016.21.2.008

[1] Aromaa, M., Keskinen, H., Mäkelä and J.M., 2007, The effect of process parameters on the liquid flame spray generated titania nanoparticles, Biomol. Eng., 24, 543-548.10.1016/j.bioeng.2007.08.004

[2] Carotta, M.C., Gherardi, S., Malagù, C., Nagliati, M., Vendemiati, B., Martinelli, G., Sacerdoti, M., and Lesci, I.G., 2007, Comparison between titania thick films obtained through sol-gel and hydrothermal synthetic processes, Thin Solid Films, 515, 8339-8344.10.1016/j.tsf.2007.03.020

[3] Choi, W., 2006, Pure and modified TiO₂ photocatalysts and their environmental applications, Catal. Surv. Asia, 10, 16-28.10.1007/s10563-006-9000-2

[4] Fujishima, A., Rao, T.N., and Tryk, D.A., 2000, Titanium dioxide photocatalysis, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C-Photochem. Rev., 1, 1-21.10.1016/S1389-5567(00)00002-2

[5] Fujishima, A. and Zhang, X., 2006, Titanium dioxide photocatalysis: present situation and future approaches, C. R. Chim., 9, 750-760.10.1016/j.crci.2005.02.055

[6] Haga, Y., An, H., and Yosomiya, R., 1997, Photoconductive properties of TiO₂ films prepared by the sol-gel method and its application, J. Mater. Sci., 32, 3183-3188.10.1023/A:1018602801793

[7] Hirakawa, T. and Nosaka, Y., 2002, Properties of O₂- and OH formed in TiO₂ aqueous suspensions by photocatalytic reaction and the influence of H₂O₂ and some ions, Langmuir, 18, 3247-3254.10.1021/la015685a

[8] Jang, J.W. and Park, J.W., 2011, Photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ films produced with combination of oxygen-plasma and rapid thermal annealing, Thin Solid Films, 520, 193-198.10.1016/j.tsf.2011.07.020

[9] Jang, J.W. and Park, J.W., 2014, Iron oxide nanotube layer fabricated with electrostatic anodization for heterogeneous Fenton like reaction, J. Hazard. Mater., 273, 1-6.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.002

[10] Jang, J.W., Jun, J.E., and Park, J.W., 2009, Fabrication of zero valent iron (ZVI) nanotube film via potentiostatic anodization and electroreduction, Water Sci. Technol., 59, 2503-2507.10.2166/wst.2009.237

[11] Karlinsey, R.L., 2005, Preparation of self-organized niobium oxide microstructures via potentiostatic anodization, Electrochem. Commun., 7, 1190-1194.10.1016/j.elecom.2005.08.027

[12] Kim, L.J., Jang, J.W., and Park, J.W., 2014, Nano TiO₂-functionalized magnetic-cored dendrimer as a photocatalyst, Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 147, 973-979.10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.10.024

[13] Lee, W.J. and Smyrl, W.H., 2005, Zirconium oxide nanotubes synthesized via direct electrochemical anodization, Electrochem. Solid State Lett, 8, B7-B9.10.1149/1.1857115

[14] Li, X.Z., Li, F.B., Fan, C.M., and Sun, Y.P., 2002, Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of humic acid in aqueous solution using a Ti/TiO₂ mesh photoelectrode, Water Res., 36, 2215-2224.10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00440-7

[15] Liu, Z., Zhang, X., Nishimoto, S., Jin, M., Tryk, D.A., Murakami, T., and Fujishima, A., 2008, Highly ordered TiO₂ nanotube arrays with controllable length for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of phenol, J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, 253-259.10.1021/jp0772732

[16] Luyo, C., Fábregas, I., Reyes, L., Solís, J.L., Rodríguez, J., Estrada, W., and Candal, R.J., 2007, SnO₂ thin-films prepared by a spray-gel pyrolysis: Influence of sol properties on film morphologies, Thin Solid Films, 516, 25-33.10.1016/j.tsf.2007.05.023

[17] Mor, G.K., Varghese, O.K., Paulose, M., Shankar, K., and Grimes, C.A., 2006, A review on highly ordered, vertically oriented TiO₂ nanotube arrays: fabrication, material properties, and solar energy applications, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 90, 2011-2075.10.1016/j.solmat.2006.04.007

[18] Mukherjee, N., Paulose, M., Varghese, O.K., Mor, G.K., and Grimes, C.A., 2003, Fabrication of nanoporous tungsten oxide by galvanostatic anodization, J. Mater. Res., 18, 2296-2299.10.1557/JMR.2003.0321

[19] Nischk, M., Mazierski, P., Gazda, M., and Zaleska, A., 2014, Ordered TiO₂ nanotubes: The effect of preparation parameters on the photocatalytic activity in air purification process, Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 144, 674-685.10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.07.041

[20] Paulose, M., Prakasam, H.E., Varghese, O.K., Peng, L., Popat, K.C., Mor, G.K., Desai, T.A., and Grimes, C.A., 2007, TiO₂ nanotube arrays of 1000 μm length by anodization of titanium foil: phenol red diffusion, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 14992-14997.10.1021/jp075258r

[21] Quan, X., Zhao, Q., Tan, H., Sang, X., Wang, F., and Dai, Y., 2009, Comparative study of lanthanide oxide doped titanium dioxide photocatalysts prepared by coprecipitation and sol-gel process, Mater. Chem. Phys., 114, 90-98.10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.08.051

[22] Subba Ramaiah, K., and Sundara Raja, V., 2006, Structural and electrical properties of fluorine doped tin oxide films prepared by spray-pyrolysis technique, Appl. Surf. Sci., 253, 1451-1458.10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.02.019

[23] Tsuchiya, H. and Schmuki, P., 2005, Self-organized high aspect ratio porous hafnium oxide prepared by electrochemical anodization, Electrochem. Commun., 7, 49-52.10.1016/j.elecom.2004.11.004

[24] Wold, A., 1993, Photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide (TiO₂), Chem. Mat., 5, 280-283.10.1021/cm00027a008

[25] Yang, H.G., Liu, G., Qiao, S.Z., Sun, C.H., Jin, Y.G., Smith, S.C., Zou, J., Cheng, H.M., and Lu, G.Q., 2009, Solvothermal synthesis and photoreactivity of anatase TiO₂ nanosheets with dominant {001} facets, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 4078-4083.10.1021/ja808790p

[26] Yang, J.K. and Lee, S.M., 2006. Removal of Cr(VI) and humic acid by using TiO₂ photocatalysis, Chemosphere, 63, 1677-1684.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.10.005

[27] Yang, S., Liu, Y., and Sun, C., 2006, Preparation of anatase TiO₂/Ti nanotube-like electrodes and their high photoelectrocatalytic activity for the degradation of PCP in aqueous solution, Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 301, 284-291.10.1016/j.apcata.2005.12.016

[28] Yun, D.M., Cho, H.H., Jang, J.W., and Park, J.-W., 2013, Nano zero-valent iron impregnated on titanium dioxide nanotube array film for both oxidation and reduction of methyl orange, Water Res., 47, 1858-1866.10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.014

[29] Zhang, Z., Yuan, Shi, G., Fang, Y., Liang, L., Ding, H., and Jin, L., 2007, Photoelectrocatalytic activity of highly ordered TiO₂ nanotube arrays electrode for azo dye degradation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 6259-6263.10.1021/es070212x

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