Environmental Impact of Phosphogypsum on the Ecotoxicity of A. salina, D. magna, O. latipes, and S. capricornutum

doi:10.7857/JSGE.2016.21.2.015

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2016 Vol.21, Issue 2 Preview Page Next Page

Environmental Impact of Phosphogypsum on the Ecotoxicity of A. salina, D. magna, O. latipes, and S. capricornutum: Park, Soo-Ho;Han, Bing;Lee, Woo-Bum;Kim, Jongo;

30 April 2016. pp. 15 ~ 21

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of recycled phosphogypsum (PG) as an embankment material with soil by performing batch and column ecotoxicity experiments. A. salina, D. magna, O. latipes and S. capricornutum were selected for the experiment. The effective concentration (EC₅₀) of D. magna was the lowest value, 1.29 mg/L. The survival rates of A. salina, D. magna and O. latipes were more than 90% in the presence of PG leachate in the column test. The toxicity unit (TU) for the organisms was less than 1, indicating that no significant ecotoxicity effect was found. These findings suggested that PG could be recycled for use as an embankment and landfill material with soil.

Keywords

Embankment;Landfill;Phosphogypsum (PG);Recycle;Toxicity;

References

APHA, AWWA, WEF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1998, 20^th ed., American Public Health Assoc. Washington, DC, USA.
Azam, S. and Abduljauwad, S.N., 2000, Influence of gypsification on engineering behaviour of expansive clay, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 126, 538-542.10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2000)126:6(538)
Carvalho, M.C.S. and Raij, B.V., 1997, Calcium sulfate, phosphogypsum and calcium carbonate in the amelioration of acid subsoils for root growth, Plant and Soil, 192, 38-48.
El-Shall, H., Abdel-All, E.A., and Moudgil, B.M., 2000, Effect of surfactants on phosphogypsum crystallization and filtration during wet-process phosphoric acid production, Sep. Sci. Technol., 35, 395-410.10.1081/SS-100100164
Garg, M., Singh, M., and Kumar, R., 1996, Some aspects of the durability of a phosphogypsum-lime-flyash binder, Constr. Build. Mater., 10, 273-279.10.1016/0950-0618(95)00085-2
Godinho-Castro, A.P., Testolin, R.C., Janke, L., Corrêa, A.X., and Radetski, C.M., 2012. Incorporation of gypsum waste in ceramic block production: Proposal for a minimal battery of tests to evaluate technical and environmental viability of this recycling process, Waste Manage., 32, 153-157.10.1016/j.wasman.2011.08.019
Guo, T., 1998, Determination of Optimal Composition of Stabilized Phosphogypsum Composites for Saltwater Application, Ph.D. Dissertation, Louisiana State University, USA.
Han, B., Park, S.-H. Lee, W.-B., Kim, S.-U., and Kim, J., 2011, Investigation of toxicity and respiration of used phosphogypsum for recycling, J. Korea Soc. Waste Manag., 28, 793-799.
Ho, R. and Zimpfer, W., 1985, Comments on the Investigation of Phosphogypsum for Embankment Construction, Proceedings of the Second Workshop on By-products of Phosphate Industries, Miami, Florida, USA.
Lee, Y.S. and Hyun, J.H., 2006, Adsorption of heavy metal into phosphogypsum admixed granite soil, J. Korea Soc. Waste Manag., 23, 38-44.
Papastefanou, C., Stoulos, S., Ioannidou, A. and Manolopoulou, M., 2006, The application of phosphogypsum in agriculture and the radiological impact, J. Environ. Radioact., 89, 188-198.10.1016/j.jenvrad.2006.05.005
Pericleous, V.P. and Metcalf, J.B., 1996, Resilient modulus of cement stabilized phosphogypsum, J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 8, 7-10.10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1996)8:1(7)
Park, S. and Kim, J., 2012, Ecotoxicity evaluation of phosphogysum recycle for algae and daphnia magna, J. Korean Soc. Environ. Eng., 34, 528-532.10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.8.528
Reijnders, L., 2007, Cleaner phosphogypsum, coal combustion ashes and waste incineration ashes for application in building materials: A review, Build. Environ., 42, 1036-1042.10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.09.016
Renteria-Villalobos, M., Vioque, I., Mantero, J., and Manjon, G., 2010, Radiological, chemical and morphological characterizations of phosphate rock and phosphogypsum from phosphoric acid factories in SW Spain, J. Hazrd. Mater., 181, 193-203.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.04.116
Shen, W., Zhou, M., and Zhao, Q., 2007, Study on lime-fly ash-phosphogypsum binder, Constr. Build. Mater., 21, 1480-1485.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.07.010
Singh, M., 2002, Treating waste phosphogypsum for cement and plaster manufacture, Cem. Concr. Res., 32, 1033-1038.10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00723-8
Tayibi, H., Choura, M., Lopez, F.A., Alguacil, F.J., and Lopez-Delgado, A., 2009, Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum, Environ. Manage., 90, 2377-2386.
U.S. EPA, 2002, Method for Measuring the Acute Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater and Marine Organisms, EPA-821-R02-121, 275.

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment
Publisher(Ko) :한국지하수토양환경학회
Journal Title :Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
Journal Title(Ko) :지하수토양환경
Volume : 21
No :2
Pages :15 ~ 21
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7857/JSGE.2016.21.2.015

[1] APHA, AWWA, WEF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1998, 20^th ed., American Public Health Assoc. Washington, DC, USA.

[2] Azam, S. and Abduljauwad, S.N., 2000, Influence of gypsification on engineering behaviour of expansive clay, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 126, 538-542.10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2000)126:6(538)

[3] Carvalho, M.C.S. and Raij, B.V., 1997, Calcium sulfate, phosphogypsum and calcium carbonate in the amelioration of acid subsoils for root growth, Plant and Soil, 192, 38-48.

[4] El-Shall, H., Abdel-All, E.A., and Moudgil, B.M., 2000, Effect of surfactants on phosphogypsum crystallization and filtration during wet-process phosphoric acid production, Sep. Sci. Technol., 35, 395-410.10.1081/SS-100100164

[5] Garg, M., Singh, M., and Kumar, R., 1996, Some aspects of the durability of a phosphogypsum-lime-flyash binder, Constr. Build. Mater., 10, 273-279.10.1016/0950-0618(95)00085-2

[6] Godinho-Castro, A.P., Testolin, R.C., Janke, L., Corrêa, A.X., and Radetski, C.M., 2012. Incorporation of gypsum waste in ceramic block production: Proposal for a minimal battery of tests to evaluate technical and environmental viability of this recycling process, Waste Manage., 32, 153-157.10.1016/j.wasman.2011.08.019

[7] Guo, T., 1998, Determination of Optimal Composition of Stabilized Phosphogypsum Composites for Saltwater Application, Ph.D. Dissertation, Louisiana State University, USA.

[8] Han, B., Park, S.-H. Lee, W.-B., Kim, S.-U., and Kim, J., 2011, Investigation of toxicity and respiration of used phosphogypsum for recycling, J. Korea Soc. Waste Manag., 28, 793-799.

[9] Ho, R. and Zimpfer, W., 1985, Comments on the Investigation of Phosphogypsum for Embankment Construction, Proceedings of the Second Workshop on By-products of Phosphate Industries, Miami, Florida, USA.

[10] Lee, Y.S. and Hyun, J.H., 2006, Adsorption of heavy metal into phosphogypsum admixed granite soil, J. Korea Soc. Waste Manag., 23, 38-44.

[11] Papastefanou, C., Stoulos, S., Ioannidou, A. and Manolopoulou, M., 2006, The application of phosphogypsum in agriculture and the radiological impact, J. Environ. Radioact., 89, 188-198.10.1016/j.jenvrad.2006.05.005

[12] Pericleous, V.P. and Metcalf, J.B., 1996, Resilient modulus of cement stabilized phosphogypsum, J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 8, 7-10.10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1996)8:1(7)

[13] Park, S. and Kim, J., 2012, Ecotoxicity evaluation of phosphogysum recycle for algae and daphnia magna, J. Korean Soc. Environ. Eng., 34, 528-532.10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.8.528

[14] Reijnders, L., 2007, Cleaner phosphogypsum, coal combustion ashes and waste incineration ashes for application in building materials: A review, Build. Environ., 42, 1036-1042.10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.09.016

[15] Renteria-Villalobos, M., Vioque, I., Mantero, J., and Manjon, G., 2010, Radiological, chemical and morphological characterizations of phosphate rock and phosphogypsum from phosphoric acid factories in SW Spain, J. Hazrd. Mater., 181, 193-203.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.04.116

[16] Shen, W., Zhou, M., and Zhao, Q., 2007, Study on lime-fly ash-phosphogypsum binder, Constr. Build. Mater., 21, 1480-1485.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.07.010

[17] Singh, M., 2002, Treating waste phosphogypsum for cement and plaster manufacture, Cem. Concr. Res., 32, 1033-1038.10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00723-8

[18] Tayibi, H., Choura, M., Lopez, F.A., Alguacil, F.J., and Lopez-Delgado, A., 2009, Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum, Environ. Manage., 90, 2377-2386.

[19] U.S. EPA, 2002, Method for Measuring the Acute Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater and Marine Organisms, EPA-821-R02-121, 275.

Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment ISSN:1598-6438(Print) 2287-8831(Online) 지하수토양환경

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