Alkalinity Measurement of Groundwater using Gran Titration Method

doi:10.7857/JSGE.2019.24.1.010

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2019 Vol.24, Issue 1 Preview Page Next Page

Alkalinity Measurement of Groundwater using Gran Titration Method Gran적정법을 이용한 지하수 알칼리도분석방법: 김강주;이진원;최승현;김석휘;김현구;함세영;김락현;
Kim, Kangjoo;Lee, Jin-Won;Choi, Seung-Hyun;Kim, Seok-Hwi;Kim, Hyunkoo;Hamm, Se-Yeong;Kim, Rak-Hyeon;

28 February 2019. pp. 10 ~ 16

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Abstract

Alkalinity is an essential parameter for understanding geochemical processes and calculating partial pressure of $CO_2$, dissolved inorganic carbon, and mineral saturation indices. The Gran Titration Method (GTM) is one of the most accurate methods for measuring the alkalinity in water samples. However, this method has not been widely employed in measuring groundwater alkalinity in Korea, probably due to inadequate and insufficient understanding of the method. In this regard, this article was prepared to introduce GTM and related know-hows learned from the authors' experiences in measuring alkalinity. This paper also introduces a MS Excel-based alkalinity calculator as a handy tool for GTM.

Keywords

Alkalinity;Gran titration method;Alkalinity standard solution;pH meter;Titrant calibration;

References

APHA (American Public Health Association), AWWA (American Water Works Association), WEF (Water Environment Federation), 2012, Method 2320 Alkalinity. In: Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd(ed.), American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation. DOI: 10.2105/SMWW.2882.023.
Appelo, C.A.J. and Postma, D., 2005, Geochemistry, Groundwater and Pollution, 2nd(ed.), Balkema.
Drever, J.I., 1997, The geochemistry of natural waters: surface and groundwater environments, 3rd(ed.), Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs.
Dyrssen, D. and Silln, L.G., 1967, Alkalinity and total carbonate in seawater, Tellus, 19(1), 113-121.
Jo, M., Chae, G.T., Koh, D.C., Yu, Y., and Choi, B.Y., 2009, A Comparison Study of Alkalinity and Total Carbon Measurements in $CO_2$-rich Water, J. Soil Groundwater Environ., 14(3), 1-13.
Kim, K., Hamm, S.Y., Kim, R.H., and Kim, H., 2018, A review on alkalinity analysis methods suitable for Korean groundwater, Econ. Environ. Geol. (submitted)
Kim, K., Kim, H.J., Choi, B.Y., Kim, S.H., Park, K.H., Park, E., Koh, D.C., and Yun, S,T., 2008, Fe and Mn levels regulated by agricultural activities in alluvial groundwaters underneath a flooded paddy field, Appl. Geochem., 23, 44-57.10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.09.004
Kim, K., Kim, S.H., Park, S.M., Kim, J., and Choi, M., 2010, Processes controlling the variations of pH, alkalinity, and $CO_2$ partial pressure in the porewater of coal ash disposal site, J. Hazard. Mater., 181, 74-81.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.04.089
Kim, K., Rajmohan, N., Kim, H.J., Kim, S.H., Hwang, G.S., Yun, S.T., Gu, B., Cho. M.J., and Lee, S.H., 2005, Evaluation of geochemical processes affecting groundwater chemistry based on mass balance approach: a case study in Namwon, Korea, Geochem. J., 39(4), 357-369.10.2343/geochemj.39.357
Rounds, S.A., 2006, Alkalinity and acid neutralizing capacity (ver. 3.0): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 9, chap. A6., sec. 6.6, July 2006, accessed from http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/twri9A6/.
Stumm, W. and Morgan, J.J., 1996, Aquatic Chemistry. 3rd(ed.), New York: John Wiley, 1022p.
USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency), 1978, Method 310.1, Alkalinity.
Wikipeda, 2019a, HYPERLINK, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_carbonate [accessed 19.02.13]
Wikipeda, 2019b, HYPERLINK, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate [accessed 19.02.17]

Information

Publisher :The Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment
Publisher(Ko) :한국지하수토양환경학회
Journal Title :Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
Journal Title(Ko) :지하수토양환경
Volume : 24
No :1
Pages :10 ~ 16
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7857/JSGE.2019.24.1.010

[1] APHA (American Public Health Association), AWWA (American Water Works Association), WEF (Water Environment Federation), 2012, Method 2320 Alkalinity. In: Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd(ed.), American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation. DOI: 10.2105/SMWW.2882.023.

[2] Appelo, C.A.J. and Postma, D., 2005, Geochemistry, Groundwater and Pollution, 2nd(ed.), Balkema.

[3] Drever, J.I., 1997, The geochemistry of natural waters: surface and groundwater environments, 3rd(ed.), Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs.

[4] Dyrssen, D. and Silln, L.G., 1967, Alkalinity and total carbonate in seawater, Tellus, 19(1), 113-121.

[5] Jo, M., Chae, G.T., Koh, D.C., Yu, Y., and Choi, B.Y., 2009, A Comparison Study of Alkalinity and Total Carbon Measurements in $CO_2$-rich Water, J. Soil Groundwater Environ., 14(3), 1-13.

[6] Kim, K., Hamm, S.Y., Kim, R.H., and Kim, H., 2018, A review on alkalinity analysis methods suitable for Korean groundwater, Econ. Environ. Geol. (submitted)

[7] Kim, K., Kim, H.J., Choi, B.Y., Kim, S.H., Park, K.H., Park, E., Koh, D.C., and Yun, S,T., 2008, Fe and Mn levels regulated by agricultural activities in alluvial groundwaters underneath a flooded paddy field, Appl. Geochem., 23, 44-57.10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.09.004

[8] Kim, K., Kim, S.H., Park, S.M., Kim, J., and Choi, M., 2010, Processes controlling the variations of pH, alkalinity, and $CO_2$ partial pressure in the porewater of coal ash disposal site, J. Hazard. Mater., 181, 74-81.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.04.089

[9] Kim, K., Rajmohan, N., Kim, H.J., Kim, S.H., Hwang, G.S., Yun, S.T., Gu, B., Cho. M.J., and Lee, S.H., 2005, Evaluation of geochemical processes affecting groundwater chemistry based on mass balance approach: a case study in Namwon, Korea, Geochem. J., 39(4), 357-369.10.2343/geochemj.39.357

[10] Rounds, S.A., 2006, Alkalinity and acid neutralizing capacity (ver. 3.0): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 9, chap. A6., sec. 6.6, July 2006, accessed from http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/twri9A6/.

[11] Stumm, W. and Morgan, J.J., 1996, Aquatic Chemistry. 3rd(ed.), New York: John Wiley, 1022p.

[12] USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency), 1978, Method 310.1, Alkalinity.

[13] Wikipeda, 2019a, HYPERLINK, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_carbonate [accessed 19.02.13]

[14] Wikipeda, 2019b, HYPERLINK, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate [accessed 19.02.17]

Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment ISSN:1598-6438(Print) 2287-8831(Online) 지하수토양환경

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